Banjo Catfish (Bunocephalus coracoideus) 4-6cm

Bunocephalus coracoideus, commonly known as the Banjo Catfish or Guitarrita, is a fascinating and cryptic freshwater species from South America. 

Species Overview

• Scientific Name: Bunocephalus coracoideus (Cope, 1874)
• Common Names: Banjo Catfish, Guitarrita, Banjo Cat
• Family: Aspredinidae (Banjo Catfishes)
• Origin: Amazon River Basin — Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay

Size & Lifespan

• Adult Size: Up to 15 cm (5.9 inches)
• Lifespan: 5–8 years

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 20–27°C (68–80.6°F)
• pH: 5.8–7.8
• Hardness: 2–20 dGH

Appearance

• Flat, broad head with small eyes
• Brown to pale brown body with dark blotches and bands
• Camouflaged to resemble a dead leaf
• Three pairs of barbels; fan-shaped caudal fin

Behavior & Compatibility

• Temperament: Peaceful, nocturnal, and sedentary
• Tankmates: Suitable for community tanks with peaceful species like:
  • Corydoras
  • Hatchetfish
  • Pencilfish
  • Small Tetras
• Social: Can be kept singly or in groups; prefers hiding under leaf litter or sand

Diet

• Feeding Style: Bottom-feeder; best fed after lights out
• Diet Includes:
  • Sinking pellets
  • Bloodworms
  • Brine shrimp
  • Earthworms
  • Frozen foods

Breeding

• Spawning: Occurs at night; eggs laid on sandy substrate
• Egg Count: Up to 4000–5000 eggs per spawning
• Hatch Time: ~3 days
• Fry Care: Feed microworms, rotifers, then tubifex worms as they grow
• Note: Adults may eat eggs; separate breeding tank recommended

Tank Setup Tips

• Substrate: Soft sand or fine gravel
• Decor: Driftwood, caves, dried leaf litter (e.g., Indian Almond leaves)
• Lighting: Dim or shaded; blue moon lighting ideal for nighttime viewing
• Tank Size: Minimum 80 liters (20 gallons)